$
\newcommand{\parallele}{\sslash}
\newcommand{\para}{\sslash}
\newcommand{\er}{\textsuperscript{er}\ }
\newcommand{\eme}{\textsuperscript{ème}\ }
\newcommand{\ere}{\textsuperscript{ère}\ }
\newcommand{\snd}{\textsuperscript{nd}\ }
\newcommand{\snde}{\textsuperscript{nde}\ }
\newcommand{\iem}{\textsuperscript{ième}\ }
\newcommand{\x}{\times}
\newcommand{\ie}{\leqslant}
\newcommand{\se}{\geqslant}
\newcommand{\qqquad}{\quad\qquad}
\newcommand{\N}{\mathbb N}
\newcommand{\Z}{\mathbb Z}
\newcommand{\D}{\mathbb D}
\newcommand{\Q}{\mathbb Q}
\newcommand{\R}{\mathbb R}
\newcommand{\C}{\mathbb C}
\newcommand{\F}{\mathbb F}
\newcommand{\K}{\mathbb K}
\newcommand{\U}{\mathbb U}
%\newcommand{\Code}[1]{ {\verb+#1+} }
\newcommand{\Code}[1]{{\ttfamily #1}}
%\newcommand{\partent}{\mathsf{ent}}
\newcommand{\E}{\mathsf{E}}
%\newcommand{\alea}{\verb?alea?}
\newcommand{\partent}{\text{\Code{ent}} }
\newcommand{\alea}{\text{\Code{alea}} }
\newcommand{\epsi}{\varepsilon} % epsilonn
\newcommand{\f}{\othervarphi} % fonction phi
\newcommand{\g}{\gamma}
\newcommand{\al}{\alpha}
\newcommand{\de}{\delta}
\newcommand{\De}{\Delta}
\newcommand{\Ga}{\Gamma}
\newcommand{\La}{\Lambda}
\newcommand{\la}{\lambda}
\renewcommand{\o}{\otheromega}
\newcommand{\si}{\sigma}
\newcommand{\Ta}{\Theta}
\newcommand{\teta}{\theta}
\renewcommand{\O}{\Omega}
\newcommand{\prive}{\setminus}%{\backslash}
\newcommand{\union}{\cup}
\newcommand{\inter}{\cap}
\newcommand{\vide}{\varnothing}
\newcommand{\card}{\mathop{\rm card}\nolimits}
\newcommand{\paire}[2]{\{#1\, ;\, #2\}}
\newcommand{\Paire}[2]{\left\{#1\, ;\, #2\right\}}
\newcommand{\enstrois}[3]{\{#1\, ;\, #2\, ;\, #3\}}
\newcommand{\Enstrois}[3]{\left\{#1\, ;\, #2\, ;\, #3\right\}}
\newcommand{\ensquatre}[4]{\{#1\, ;\, #2\, ;\, #3\, ;\, #4\}}
\newcommand{\Ensquatre}[4]{\left\{#1\, ;\, #2\, ;\, #3\, ;\, #4\right\}}
\newcommand{\triplet}[3]{(#1\, ;\, #2\, ;\, #3)}
\newcommand{\quadruplet}[4]{(#1\, ;\, #2\, ;\, #3\, ; #4)}
\newcommand{\nuplet}[2]{(#1\, ;\,\ldots\, ;\, #2)}
\newcommand{\Nuplet}[2]{\left(#1\, ;\,\ldots\, ;\, #2\right)}
\newcommand{\ensemble}[2]{\{#1\, ;\,\ldots\, ;\, #2\}}
\newcommand{\interieur}[1]{\ring{#1}}
\newcommand{\ens}[1]{\left\{\,#1\,\right\}}
\newcommand{\tq}{ \ \ \textrm{t.q} \ \ }
\newcommand{\tqc}{ \textrm{t.q} }
\newcommand{\Frac}[2]{\frac{\disp #1}{\disp #2}}
\newcommand{\tvi}[2]{\vrule height #1 depth #2 width 0pt}
\newcommand{\rond}{\circ}
\newcommand{\ps}{\cdot}
\newcommand{\ovra}[3]{\mkern #1mu\overrightarrow{\mkern -#1mu #2\mkern -#3mu}\mkern #3mu}
\newcommand{\ovla}[3]{\mkern #1mu\overleftarrow{\mkern -#1mu #2\mkern -#3mu}\mkern #3mu}
% La definition d'origine encadrait son corps de deux delimiteurs de formule.
% Ces delimiteurs coupaient le bloc de macros en morceaux : MathJax cherche
% simplement le prochain delimiteur sans tenir compte des accolades, si bien
% que les macros situees plus bas n'etaient plus definies du tout.
% La version ci-dessous rend le meme service, sans delimiteur imbrique.
% ATTENTION : ne jamais ecrire de delimiteur de formule dans ce fichier,
% pas meme a l'interieur d'un commentaire : MathJax les lit quand meme.
\newcommand{\delim}[3]{#2}
\renewcommand{\(}{\left( }
\renewcommand{\)}{\right) }
\newcommand{\oc}{\left[}
\newcommand{\fc}{\right]}
\newcommand{\norme}[1]{\| #1 \|}
\newcommand{\normebis}[1]{\delim{2pt}{\|}{9pt}\! #1\delim{2pt}{\|}{9pt}}
\newcommand{\normetriple}[1]{\left |\kern -.07em\left\| #1\right |\kern -.07em\right\|}
\newcommand{\valabs}[1]{\delim{2pt}{|}{9pt}#1\delim{2pt}{|}{9pt}}
\newcommand{\Abs}[1]{\left \lvert#1\right \rvert}
\newcommand{\dist}[2]{\textrm{d}(#1\textrm{;\,} #2)}
\newcommand{\limit}[2]{\displaystyle\lim_{#1} #2}
\newcommand{\limitx}[3]{\displaystyle\lim_{#1\to #2} #3}
\newcommand{\limitxinf}[3]{\displaystyle\lim_{#1\build{\to}_{<}^{} #2} #3}
\newcommand{\limitxsup}[3]{\displaystyle\lim_{#1\build{\to}_{>}^{} #2} #3}
\newcommand{\tend}[2]{\displaystyle\build\longrightarrow_{#1\rightarrow #2}^{}}
\newcommand{\ds}{\displaystyle}
\newcommand{\fonc}[4]{#1\ :\begin{array}{rll} #2 &\to \\ x& \mapsto \end{array}}
\newcommand{\Fonc}[5]{#1\ :\begin{array}{rll} #2 &\to \\ #4& \mapsto \end{array}}
\newcommand{\limd}[2][x]{\ds\lim_{{#1\to #2}\atop{#1>#2}} }
\newcommand{\limcd}[1]{\ds\lim_{#1^+} }
\newcommand{\limg}[2][x]{\ds\lim_{{#1\to #2}\atop{#1<#2}} }
\newcommand{\limcg}[1]{\ds\lim_{#1^-} }
\newcommand{\limc}[1]{\ds\lim_{#1} }
\newcommand{\lin}{\ds\lim_{n\to +\infty}}
\newcommand{\Lim}[2][x]{\displaystyle{\lim_{#1 \to #2}}}
\newcommand{\Li}[2]{\left.\begin{array}{lcr} #1\\ #2 \end{array}\right\}}
\newcommand{\somme}[3][i]{\sum\limits_{\substack{#1=#2}}^{#3}}
\newcommand{\Tendvers}[2][h]{\underset{#1\rightarrow #2}{\longrightarrow}}
\newcommand{\un}{{(u_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } % suite un {(t_{n})}_{n\in\N}
\newcommand{\unstar}{{(u_n)}_{n\in\N^{\ast}}\ } % suite un
\newcommand{\vn}{{(v_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } %suite vn
\newcommand{\wn}{{(w_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } %suite wn
\newcommand{\tn}{{(t_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } %suite tn
\newcommand{\sn}{{(s_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } %suite tn
\newcommand{\rn}{{(r_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } %suite tn
\newcommand{\xn}{{(x_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } %suite tn
\newcommand{\yn}{{(y_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } %suite tn
\newcommand{\zn}{{(z_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } %suite tn
\newcommand{\an}{{(a_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } %suite tn
\newcommand{\bn}{{(b_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } %suite tn
\newcommand{\cn}{{(c_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } %suite tn
\newcommand{\dn}{{(d_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } %suite tn
\newcommand{\en}{{(e_n)}_{n\in\N}\ } %suite tn
\newcommand{\enstar}{{(e_n)}_{n\in\N^{\ast}}\ } % suite un
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Equivalent
\newcommand{\equivalent}[1]{\build\sim_{#1}^{}}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% o et O
\renewcommand{\o}[2]{\build o_{#1\to #2}^{}}
\renewcommand{\O}[2]{\build O_{#1\to #2}^{}}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Displaystyle
\newcommand{\disp}{\displaystyle}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Signes d'equivalence et d'implication
\newcommand{\equivaut}{\Longleftrightarrow}
\newcommand{\equi}{\Leftrightarrow}
\newcommand{\implique}{\Longrightarrow}
\newcommand{\impli}{\Rightarrow}
\newcommand{\ssi}{\textrm{ \ ssi \ }}
\newcommand{\idest}{\quad \textrm{i.e} \quad}
\newcommand{\cad}{\quad \textrm{c-à-d} \quad}
%
\newcommand{\ssic}{\textrm{ssi} }
\newcommand{\idestc}{\textrm{i.e} }
\newcommand{\cadc}{\textrm{c-à-d}}
\newcommand{\maxi}{ \textrm{max}}
\newcommand{\sgn}{\textrm{sgn}}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Signe associe
\newcommand{\associe}{\longmapsto}
\newcommand{\asso}{\mapsto}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Angles
\renewcommand{\angle}[1]{\widehat{#1}}
\newcommand{\anglevec}[2]{(\vec #1\, ,\,\vec #2)}
\newcommand{\Anglevec}[2]{(\V{#1}\, ,\,\V{#2})}
\newcommand{\anglecouple}[2]{\left( #1\, ,\, #2 \right) }
%\newcommand{\anglevecteur0}[3][black]{(\widehat{\vec{#2}\, , \, \textcolor{#1}{\vec{#3}}})}
%\newcommand{\anglevecteur}[4][black]{\anglevecteur0{#2}{ \textcolor{#1}{#3} }{#4} }
\newcommand{\anglevecteur}[2]{(\widehat{\vec{#1}\, , \, \vec{#2}} ) }
%\newcommand{\anglevecteurcouleur}[4]{(\textcolor{#1}{\vec{#3}}\, , \, \textcolor{#2}{\vec{#4}}) }
\newcommand{\Anglevecteur}[2]{\(\widehat{\V{#1},\V{#2}}\)}
\newcommand{\rad}{ \,\,\textrm{rad} }
\newcommand{\mes}{\textrm{mes} }
\newcommand{\°}{\degres}
\newcommand{°}{\degres}
\newcommand{\Mes}[1]{\mes\,\widehat{#1}}
\newcommand{\mesvec}[2]{\textrm{mes}\(\vec{#1} \, , \, \vec{#2}\)}
\newcommand{\mesvecteur}[2]{\textrm{mes}\anglevecteur{#1}{#2}}
\newcommand{\mesVec}[2]{\textrm{mes}\(\V{#1} \, , \, \V{#2}\)}
\newcommand{\mesarc}[1]{\textrm{mes}\(\widehat{#1}\)}
\newcommand{\mesarco}[1]{\textrm{mes}\(\arcoriente{#1}\)}
\newcommand{\ao}[2]{\left(#1\, , \, #2\right)}
%\newcommand{\Mes}[1]{%
% \ensuremath{%
% \mathrm{mes}
% \DecalV{\widehat{#1}}
% }}
%\DeclareTextSymbol{\degree}{T1}{6}
%\DeclareTextSymbol{\degre}{OT1}{23}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Vecteurs
%\newcommand{\vecteur}[1]{\ovra 0{#1}0}
\newcommand{\prodscal}[2]{<#1,#2>}
\newcommand{\prodvec}[2]{#1\wedge #2}
\newcommand{\vectoriel}[2]{\prodvec{\vec #1}{\vec #2}}
\newcommand{\Vectoriel}[2]{\prodvec{\vecteur{#1}}{\vecteur{#2}}}
\newcommand{\prodmixte}[3]{\big[#1, #2, #3\big]}
\newcommand{\mixte}[3]{\prodmixte{\vec #1}{\vec #2}{\vec #3}}
\newcommand{\Mixte}[3]{\prodmixte{\vecteur{#1}}{\vecteur{#2}}{\vecteur{#3}}}
\newcommand{\V}[1]{\ovra 0{#1}0}
%
\newcommand{\test}[2]{#1^2-#2^2}
%
%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Repères (O,i), (O,i,j), (O,u,v), (O,I,J) et quelconques
\newcommand{\Oi}{(O\, ;\,\vec\imath\,)}
\newcommand{\Oj}{(O\, ;\,\vec\jmath\,)}
\newcommand{\Oij}{(O\, ;\,\vec\imath\, ;\vec\jmath\,)}
\newcommand{\Aij}{(A\, ;\,\vec\imath\, ;\vec\jmath\,)}
\newcommand{\Omegaij}{(\Omega\, ;\,\vec\imath\, ;\vec\jmath\,)}
\newcommand{\Ai}{(A\, ;\,\vec\imath\,)}
\newcommand{\Aj}{(A\, ;\,\vec\jmath\,)}
\newcommand{\Ojk}{(O\, ;\,\vec\jmath\, ;\vec k\,)}
\newcommand{\Oik}{(O\, ;\,\vec\imath\, ;\vec k\,)}
\newcommand{\Ouv}{(O\, ;\,\vec u\, ;\vec v\,)}
\renewcommand{\ij}{(\vec\imath\, ;\vec\jmath\,)}
\newcommand{\ijk}{(\vec\imath\, ;\vec\jmath\, ;\vec k\,)}
\newcommand{\Oijk}{\big(O\, ;\,\vec\imath\, ;\vec\jmath\, ;\vec k\,\big)}
\newcommand{\oijk}{\big(o\, ;\,\vec\imath\, ;\vec\jmath\, ;\vec k\,\big)}
\newcommand{\OIJ}{(O\,;\, I\,;\, J\,)}
\newcommand{\repere}[3]{\big(#1\, ;\,\vecteur{#2} ;\vecteur{#3}\big)}
\newcommand{\reperesp}[4]{\big(#1\, ;\,\vecteur{#2} ;\vecteur{#3} ;\vecteur{#4}\big)}
%
\newcommand{\reperepol}[2]{\big(#1\, ;\,\vecteur{#2}\big)}
\newcommand{\reperesf}[3]{\big(#1\, ;\,#2 ; #3 \big)}
%
%Redéfinition de \longrightarrow
% Ligne d'origine desactivee, retiree ici : elle contenait des delimiteurs de
% formule que MathJax lisait malgre le commentaire, ce qui coupait le bloc.
% \newcommand\longrightarrow{\mathrel{\raise .02em\hbox{\relbar}}\joinrel\rightarrow}
%
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Aire d'une surface
\newcommand{\aire}[1]{%
\ensuremath{\mathscr{A}_{#1}}}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Volume d'un volume
\newcommand{\volume}[1]{%
\ensuremath{\mathscr{V}_{#1}}}
%
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% un ; avec un peu d'espace autour
\newcommand{\pv}{\ensuremath{\: ; \,}}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Intervalles
\newcommand{\interoo}[2]{]#1\, ;\, #2[}
\newcommand{\Interoo}[2]{\left]#1\, ;\, #2\right[}
\newcommand{\interof}[2]{]#1\, ;\, #2]}
\newcommand{\Interof}[2]{\left]#1\, ;\, #2\right]}
\newcommand{\interfo}[2]{[#1\, ;\, #2[}
\newcommand{\Interfo}[2]{\left[#1\, ;\, #2\right[}
\newcommand{\interff}[2]{[#1\, ;\, #2]}
\newcommand{\Interff}[2]{\left[#1\, ;\, #2\right]}
%
\newcommand{\of}[2]{\left] \,#1 \, ; \, #2 \,\right] }
\newcommand{\fo}[2]{\left[ \,#1 \, ; \, #2 \,\right[ }
\newcommand{\oo}[2]{\left] \,#1 \, ; \, #2 \,\right[ }
\newcommand{\ff}[2]{\left[ \,#1 \, ; \, #2 \,\right] }
%
%\newcommand\interentiers #1#2{[\! [#1\, ;\, #2]\! ]}
\newcommand{\interentiers}[2]{\llbracket #1\, ;\, #2\rrbracket}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% autres intervalles
\newcommand{\Intff}[2]{\ensuremath{\left[#1\pv #2\right]}}
\newcommand{\Intfo}[2]{\ensuremath{\left[#1\pv #2\right[}}
\newcommand{\Intof}[2]{\ensuremath{\left]#1\pv #2\right]}}
\newcommand{\Intoo}[2]{\ensuremath{\left]#1\pv #2\right[}}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Coordonnées
%\newcommand{\coord}[2]{(#1\, ;\, #2)}
\newcommand{\bigcoord}[2]{\big(#1\, ;\, #2\big)}
\newcommand{\coord}[2]{\left(#1\, ;\, #2\right)}
\newcommand{\Coord}[2]{\left(#1\, ;\, #2\right)}
\newcommand{\coordesp}[3]{(#1\, ;\, #2\, ;\, #3)}
\newcommand{\bigcoordesp}[3]{\big(#1\, ;\, #2\, ;\, #3\big)}
\newcommand{\Coordesp}[3]{\left(#1\, ;\, #2\, ;\, #3\right)}
\newcommand{\coordpol}[2]{\left[#1\, ;\, #2\right]}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Coordonnées verticales dans le plan
\newcommand{\coordp}[2]{%
\begin{pmatrix}
#1 \\ #2
\end{pmatrix}}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Coordonnées verticales dans l'espace
\newcommand{\coordpp}[3]{%
\scalebox{.7}{%
\begin{pmatrix}
#1 \\ #2 \\ #3
\end{pmatrix}}}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Congruences
\newcommand{\congru}{\equiv}
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Modulo 2pi ou autre
\newcommand{\Mod}[1][2\pi]{\enspace{(#1)}}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Quel que soit
\newcommand{\qqsoit}{\forall\,}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Différentielles
\renewcommand{\d}{\textrm d}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Intégrale
\newcommand{\integ}[4]{\int_{#1}^{#2} #3\,\d #4}
%
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Intégration par parties
% Les delimiteurs de formule qui encadraient cette definition ont ete retires :
% on est deja en mode mathematique, et ils coupaient le bloc de macros en deux.
\newcommand{\intpp}[4]{%
\left\{%
\begin{matrix}
#1 & #3 \\
\stackrel{}{#2} & \stackrel{}{#4} \\
\end{matrix}
\right.}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Somme majuscule
\newcommand{\Sum}{\displaystyle{\sum}}
%
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Barycentres
\newcommand{\bary}{\mathop{\rm Bar}\nolimits}
\newcommand{\baryd}[4]{\(#1\, ;\, #2\)\ \textrm{et}\ \(#3\, ;\, #4 \)}
\newcommand{\baryt}[6]{(#1\, ;\, #2),\ (#3\, ;\, #4)\ \textrm{et}\ (#5\, ;\, #6)}
\newcommand{\baryq}[8]{(#1\, ;\, #2),\ (#3\, ;\, #4),\ (#5\, ;\, #6)\ \textrm{et}\ (#7\, ;\, #8)}
\newcommand{\Baryd}[4]{\bary \left\lbrace \(#1\, ;\, #2 \)\, ;\, \(#3\, ;\, #4 \) \right\rbrace }
\newcommand{\Baryt}[6]{\bary \left\lbrace \(#1\, ;\, #2\)\, ;\, \(#3\, ;\, #4 \)\, ;\, \(#5\, ;\, #6 \) \right\rbrace }
\newcommand{\Baryn}[6]{\bary \left\lbrace \(#1\, ;\, #2\)\, ;\, \(#3\, ;\, #4 \)\, ;\,\ldots\, ;\, \(#5\, ;\, #6\) \right\rbrace }
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Signe inclusion
\newcommand{\inclus}{\subset}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Fonctions
\newcommand{\fonction}[5]{
\begin{eqnarray*}
#1 & \!\!\!\!\! : & \!\!\!\!\! #2\longrightarrow #3\\
& & \!\!\!\!\! #4\longmapsto #5
\end{eqnarray*}
}
\newcommand{\fonctionligne}[5]{#1:#2\longrightarrow #3,\ #4\longmapsto #5}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Unités de longueur en rm
\newcommand{\cm}{\mathop{\rm cm}\nolimits}
\newcommand{\mm}{\mathop{\rm mm}\nolimits}
\newcommand{\dm}{\mathop{\rm dm}\nolimits}
\newcommand{\m}{\mathop{\rm m}\nolimits}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Fonction logarithme intégral [Plt137]
\newcommand{\li}{\mathop{\rm li}\nolimits}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Fonction exponentielle
\newcommand{\e}{\mathop{\rm e}\nolimits}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Fonction cotangente
\newcommand{\cotan}{\mathop{\rm cotan}\nolimits}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Fonctions hyperboliques
\newcommand{\ch}{\mathop{\rm ch}\nolimits}
\newcommand{\sh}{\mathop{\rm sh}\nolimits}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Parties entière, réelle, imaginaire, nombre i
\newcommand{\ent}{\mathop{\rm E}\nolimits}
\newcommand{\Int}{\mathop{\rm Int}\nolimits}
\renewcommand{\Re}{\mathop{\rm Re}\nolimits}
\renewcommand{\Im}{\mathop{\rm Im}\nolimits}
\renewcommand{\i}{\textrm{i}}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Comatrice
\newcommand{\com}{\mathop{\rm com}\nolimits}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Trace
\newcommand{\tr}{\mathop{\rm tr}\nolimits}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Transposée
\newcommand{\transposee}[1]{{\vphantom{#1}}^t\negmedspace #1}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Noyau
\newcommand{\Ker}{\mathop{\rm Ker}\nolimits}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% PGCD, PPCM
\newcommand{\PGCD}{\mathop{\rm PGCD}\nolimits}
\newcommand{\PPCM}{\mathop{\rm PPCM}\nolimits}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Matrices
\newcommand{\Mn}{\mathcal M_n}
\newcommand{\matrice}[4]{
\left(
\begin{array}{cc}
#1 & #2 \\
#3 & #4
\end{array}
\right)}
\newcommand{\vect}[2]{
\left(\negmedspace
\begin{array}{c}
#1\\
#2
\end{array}\negmedspace
\right)}
\newcommand{\Matrice}[9]{
\left(
\begin{array}{ccc}
#1 & #2 & #3\\
#4 & #5 & #6\\
#7 & #8 & #9
\end{array}
\right)}
\newcommand{\Vect}[3]{
\left(\negmedspace
\begin{array}{c}
#1\\
#2\\
#3
\end{array}\negmedspace
\right)}
\newcommand{\Ideux}{\matrice{1}{0}{0}{1}}
\newcommand{\Itrois}{\Matrice{1}{0}{0}{0}{1}{0}{0}{0}{1}}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Determinants
\newcommand{\determinant}[4]{
\left|
\begin{array}{cc}
#1 & #3 \\
#2 & #4
\end{array}
\right|}
\newcommand{\Determinant}[9]{
\left|
\begin{array}{ccc}
#1 & #2 & #3\\
#4 & #5 & #6\\
#7 & #8 & #9
\end{array}
\right|}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Systemes
\newcommand{\sysu}[1]{
\left\lbrace
\begin{array}{l}
#1\\
\end{array}
\right.}
\newcommand{\sys}[2]{
\left\lbrace
\begin{array}{l}
\negthickspace\negthickspace #1\\
\negthickspace\negthickspace #2\\
\end{array}
\right.\negthickspace\negthickspace}
\newcommand{\sysd}[2]{
%\left\lbrace
\left\{
\begin{array}{l}
#1\\
#2
\end{array}
\right.}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%\left\{\begin{array}{l c l}
%v_{0} &=& 1\\
%v_{n + 1}&=& \dfrac{9}{6 - v_{n}}
%\end{array}\right.
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\newcommand{\syst}[3]{
\left\lbrace
\begin{array}{l}
#1\\
#2\\
#3\\
\end{array}
\right.}
\newcommand{\sysq}[4]{
\left\lbrace
\begin{array}{l}
#1\\
#2\\
#3\\
#4\\
\end{array}
\right.}
\newcommand{\sysc}[5]{
\left\lbrace
\begin{array}{l}
#1\\
#2\\
#3\\
#4\\
#5\\
\end{array}
\right.}
\newcommand{\sisi}[4]{
\left\lbrace
\begin{array}{rm{0.2cm}l}
#1 & & \text{#2}\\
#3 & & \text{#4}
\end{array}
\right.}
%
%\newcommand{\accod}[4]{\begin{cases} #1 & #2 \\ #3 & #4 \end{cases} }
%
\newcommand{\accot}[6]{\begin{cases} #1 & #2 \\ #3 & #4 \\ #5 & #6 \end{cases} }
%%
%\newcommand{\accod}[2]{ \left\{
% \begin{split}
% #1 \\
% #2
% \end{split}
% \right. }
%
\newcommand{\accott}[3]{
\begin{equation}
\left\{
\begin{split}
#1 \\
#2 \\
#3
\end{split}
\right.
\end{equation} }
\newcommand{\Syst}[2]{\left\{\begin{array}{ccccc} #1\\ #2 \end{array}\right.}
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Covariance
\newcommand{\cov}{\mathop{\rm cov}\nolimits}
%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Symboles entre droites
%\newcommand{\paral}{\sslash}
\newcommand{\paral}{\mathop{/\!\! /}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% jours heures minutes secondes
\newcommand{\jour}{\ \textrm{j} \ }
\newcommand{\heure}{\ \textrm{h} \ }
\newcommand{\minute}{\ \textrm{min} \ }
\newcommand{\seconde}{\ \textrm{s} \ }
\newcommand{\algobox}{\texttt{AlgoBox}}
\newcommand{\xcas}{\texttt{Xcas}}
\newcommand{\excel}{\texttt{Excel}\ }
\newcommand{\calc}{\texttt{Calc}}
\newcommand{\geogebra}{\texttt{GeoGebra}}
\newcommand{\python}{\texttt{Python}\ }
\newcommand{\ou}{ \quad \text{ ou } \quad }
\newcommand{\et}{ \quad \text{ et } \quad }
\newcommand{\btr}{\ensuremath{\blacktriangleright\ }}
\newcommand{\wtr}{\ensuremath{\triangleright\ }}
\newcommand{\bp}{\ensuremath{\bullet\ }}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% B(n;p) - Loi binomiale %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\newcommand{\bnp}[2][n]{\ensuremath{\mathscr B\(#1 \pv #2 \)}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Adaptations pour MathJax
%
% Ces quelques macros reposaient sur des primitives de mise en boite de TeX
% (\vbox, \vrule, \raise\hbox) qui n'ont pas d'equivalent en HTML. On leur
% redonne ici un sens, avec les delimiteurs extensibles de MathJax qui font
% exactement le meme travail.
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\renewcommand{\delim}[3]{#2}
\renewcommand{\tvi}[2]{}
\renewcommand{\normebis}[1]{\left\| #1 \right\|}
\renewcommand{\valabs}[1]{\left| #1 \right|}
\renewcommand{\Code}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
\renewcommand{\partent}{\texttt{ent}}
\renewcommand{\alea}{\texttt{alea}}
\renewcommand{\interieur}[1]{\mathring{#1}}
$
Aller au contenu
Menu
Des outils gratuits pour travailler et expérimenter
Logiciels
AlgoBox est un logiciel libre, multi-plateforme et gratuit d'aide à l'élaboration
et à l'exécution d'algorithmes, dans l'esprit des programmes de mathématiques du lycée.
Xcas est une interface de Giac qui permet de faire du calcul formel,
des représentations graphiques dans le plan ou l'espace, de la géométrie dynamique, du tableur,
des statistiques et de la programmation. Giac est le moteur de calcul de Xcas :
une bibliothèque C++ sous licence GPL.
La version en ligne ne demande aucune installation.
Développé par le groupe de recherche Lifelong Kindergarten du laboratoire Média du MIT,
Scratch est un langage de programmation qui facilite la création d'histoires
interactives, de dessins animés, de jeux, de compositions musicales et de simulations numériques,
puis leur partage sur le web.
C'est un logiciel libre conçu pour initier les élèves dès l'âge de 8 ans à des concepts
fondamentaux en mathématiques et en informatique. Il repose sur une approche ludique de
l'algorithmique, pour les aider à créer, à raisonner et à coopérer.
Python est l'un des langages de programmation les plus utilisés aujourd'hui.
Plus récent que le langage C, il se veut plus simple d'emploi et permet de créer tous types de
programmes. Il est employé dans de nombreuses entreprises, Google au premier chef.
Pour écrire et exécuter du Python sans rien installer, la page
Python en ligne de ce site suffit.
